deep.avapose.com

uwp barcode scanner c#

uwp barcode scanner c#













barcode reader sdk free use editor, upc printing freeware example using code, barcode scanner app free native, gs1 maker project photo event, 2d scanning sdk examples downloads database,



asp net core barcode scanner, asp.net core qr code reader, barcode scanner in .net core, .net core qr code reader, windows 10 uwp barcode scanner, uwp barcode scanner c#



java upc-a reader, how to use code 39 barcode font in crystal reports, barcode font reporting services, ean 128 barcode excel, java data matrix reader, free barcode generator in asp.net c#, java ean 13 reader, asp.net data matrix reader, vb net code 128 barcode generator, c# adobe pdf reader control

uwp barcode scanner c#

[ UWP ]How to perform Barcode Scanning in the Universal Windows Apps ...
How can we do Barcode Scanning in Universal Windows Apps?? My requirement is that i need to scan a barcode from Windows 10 Surface ...

uwp barcode scanner c#

Barcode Scanner - Windows UWP applications | Microsoft Docs
28 Aug 2018 ... This section provides guidance for creating Universal Windows Platform ( UWP ) apps that use a barcode scanner . ... Learn how to configure a barcode scanner for the intended application. ... Read barcodes through a standard camera lens from a Universal Windows Platform application.


uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,


uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,


uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,


uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,


uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,
uwp barcode scanner c#,

Barcode Printer In .NET Using Barcode creation for ASP . Service-Based Development Using Java. Generating Barcode In . Maker In VS .NET Using Barcode generator for .Related: .NET ISBN Generating , C# QR Code Generation , .NET WinForms Codabar Generator

Encode MSI Plessey Barcodes On Modulo 10 1. Write down data to encoded - "6767"and select Barcode Type to MSI Plessey Check 10 in Setting tab. .Related: SSRS Barcode Generator Library, Generate Barcode SSRS , Barcode Generation .NET Winforms

uwp barcode scanner c#

Universal Windows Platform ( UWP ) barcode scanner application ...
Ok, it was pretty easy to implement ZXing API, now I get it working as it is supposed to work. There is very nice example how to implement ...

uwp barcode scanner c#

Windows-universal-samples/Samples/ BarcodeScanner at master ...
Note: This sample is part of a large collection of UWP feature samples. If you are unfamiliar with Git and GitHub, you can download the entire collection as a ZIP ...

You might also notice that the algorithm to draw the tar shape is similar to that used in Example 35-7. A starburst shape is basically circular, so I started with the parametric circle equation again. At every point on the starburst, the vertex is either moved in or out from where it should be. In other words, its radius alternates. Every loop, ip the magnitude of a constant added onto the radius of what s otherwise a circle and, voila, you ll get a starburst. Simply make sure that there are an even number of points and that they divide into 2 to ensure that the start and end points of the starburst shape are the same. Try playing with the code to draw other shapes or make more interesting radients with more colors or radial gradients or with less random color schemes!. using barcode printer for .net vs 2010 crystal control .Related: Create Barcode SSRS C# , Barcode Generation Crystal C# , Barcode Generation Crystal Library

using code 128 font in word, birt ean 13, word pdf 417, birt report qr code, how to add barcode in word 2007, word 2013 ean 128

uwp barcode scanner c#

BarcodeScanner C# (CSharp) Code Examples - HotExamples
C# (CSharp) BarcodeScanner - 13 examples found. These are the top rated real world C# (CSharp) examples of BarcodeScanner extracted from open source projects. ... File: Events_WinUAP.cs Project: bbqchickenrobot/RxUI- UWP -Sample .

uwp barcode scanner c#

Windows 10 Barcode Reader SDK ( UWP ) | Windows 10 ( UWP ...
Text Box: DataSymbol Barcode Decoding SDK Windows 10( UWP ) Barcode .... C# . //create decoder object. BarcodeDecoder dec = new BarcodeDecoder ("");.

Encode UPC-A Barcode in 11-Digit with A Check Digit Add-On. UPC-A barcode is a fixed-length linear barcode to encode numeric data only. .Related: Barcode Generator Word Library, Generate Barcode Java , Barcode Generation Crystal SDK

Web cycle. Making EAN-13 Supplement 5 In C#.NET Using Barcode printer for .NET .When everything is working as it should, you have successfully created a Web-cycle environment Now you can ask your developers to put new content and scripts in the development site and est them Whenever a new content development is completed, you should first test it in the development area The testing should focus on these issues: Does it serve its purpose In other words, does the functionality provided by the new content meet your specification Does the new content have any side effects For example, if the new content is really a new CGI script, you should use Apache s script debugging support to monitor how the script works.Related: ASP.NET Code 128 Generating , Create EAN 128 .NET WinForms , C# EAN-8 Generation

uwp barcode scanner c#

UWP QR code scanning - C# Corner
Hi all, Anyone have an idea regarding QR code scanning using c# in UWP if yes please guide me Thanks in advance.

uwp barcode scanner c#

Creating Universal Barcode Reader on Windows 10 with C SDK
12 Oct 2015 ... How to Create a Universal Barcode Reader on Windows 10 with C/C++ ... How to Invoke C/C++ APIs of Dynamsoft Barcode SDK in UWP App?

NET Control to generate, create Data Matrix 2d barcode image in NET applications.There are a number of techniques for scaling down an image to produce a result better than that shown in Figure 32 Silverlight 3 converts your bitmap to a set of smaller images at various sizes using a better algorithm This conversion appens once per bitmap and Silverlight caches the result of the conversion for the lifetime of your bitmap During an animation, Silverlight 3 dynamically selects the right resolution bitmap to display This process can increase memory usage by 33%, but substantially improves the display quality of scaled down images and 3D transforms to get a result close to that shown in Figure 33 When scaling up bitmaps in Silverlight 3, the image remains blurry as shown in Figure 31.Retained Mode There are two types of graphics API: retained mode and immediate mode A retained mode API automatically responds to changes to a graph of objects An immediate mode API requires you to issue all the draw commands to describe a change For example, to remove the rectangle shown in Figure 34 in a retained mode system, simply call a function to remove that element The retained mode graphics system is responsible for redrawing the background, the triangle beneath, and the ellipse above To remove the same rectangle shown in Figure 34 with an immediate mode API, you need to make three calls o draw the background, the triangle beneath it, and the ellipse above as shown in Figure 35.Related: .NET QR Code Generator , QR Code Generator .NET Image, QR Code Generation .NET Size

Generating MSI Plessey barcodes into PNG Files. 1. Highlight data to encode, "6767"and select Barcode Type to MSI PLESSEY CHECK 10 in Setting tab. .Related: Barcode Generation .NET Library, Make Barcode Excel SDK, .NET Winforms C# Barcode Generation

System Compatibility. Support Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, XP/64, Server . Control into your .NET project. Copy KeepAutomation.Barcode.Windows.dll to your .Related: Crystal Barcode Generation , Barcode Generating Crystal .NET Winforms , Barcode Generator SSRS SDK

With EAN-13 Generator, users may display EAN-13 barcode check digit in accordance with users' needs by enabling DisplayChecksum property. div>.Related: Barcode Generating VB.NET , ASP.NET Barcode Generation , Make Barcode RDLC .NET Winforms

It also stores the point in a buffer so that later on the character recognition algorithm can make an analysis f the ink shape. After the bitmaps are updated, the code calls this function to update the screen (see CHandWritingAnim::. EAN / UCC - 13 Encoder In Visual Studio .NET Using Barcode drawer for .Related: .NET QR Code Generation Data, Data Matrix Generating .NET , .NET PDF417 Generating

Thermal printer support for best image output even with low-resolution rinters. NET. Unzip the evaluation, and you will find "KeepAutomation.Barcode.Web.dll" in the .Related: Print Barcode RDLC Library, Print Barcode Java , Crystal ASP.NET Barcode Generation

Code 39 barcode is a self-checking linear barcode; However, it may use a odulo 43 checksum digit in applications that require very high level of accuracy, such as HIBC and LOGMARS. Users may add modulo 43 check digit using ChecksumEnabled property and display it as the last character in Code 39 data sequence with DisplayChecksum property enabled.Related: Barcode Generator RDLC , Crystal Barcode Generation Library, Barcode Printing RDLC ASP.NET

Conclusion In this chapter we covered the basics of bitmap image formats We explained the difference between bitmap and vector mage formats and the way images are displayed on output devices We also covered the representation of color and described some of the color models used by graphics file formats The chapter presented a brief introduction to color quantization and the compression techniques used by the file formats covered in this book Foley et al (1996) describes the operation of computer displays in greater detail than we have here It also contains excellent descriptions of colorspaces Brown and Shepherd (1995) and Murray and van Ryper (1994) contain introductory descriptions of a large number of graphics file formats In this book we will cover only the specific compression techniques used by file formats under discussion Nelson (1992) is the best introduction to compression techniques available and an excellent source for their history and relationships The medium cut algorithm is described in Heckbert (1982) Lindley (1995) and (Rimmer (1993) describe this algorithm and take a different approach to implementing it. Bar Code In .NET Framework Using Barcode decoder for .Related: Generate QR Code .NET , Create Code 39 .NET , Print Code 128 .NET

Data with symbol check digit, CODE39W. Structure of Code 39. A Code 39 barcode symbology consists of . Code 39. Extended Code 39 is designed to encode more characters .Related: Generate Barcode Crystal , C# Barcode Generation , Creating Barcode ASP.NET

Operating System & Platform Compatibility. . UPC-E : Linear UPC - E0 creation component (DLL) package for .Net . Mail : Generate & draw 1D barcode USPS Intelligent .Related: Barcode Printing Excel , .NET Barcode Generating Library, Excel Barcode Generator Library

Gossip is essentially an epidemic algorithm, where neighbors are chosen probabilistically to. Make QR In C#.NET Using Barcode generator for VS .NET Control .Related: Printing EAN-13 .NET , EAN 128 Printing .NET , Make UPC-A .NET

This useful function enables barcodes to encode some special nformation, such as locations, measurements, traceability and so on. In GS1-128 barcode symbology, AI appears after the FNC1 used to identify the GS1 system. Besides, if necessary, FNC1 can be used as Separator Character. . GS1- 128/EAN-128 is a self-checking barcode type, which contains one mandatory symbol check digit This checksum may be calculated by a formula that is the same as .Related: Make QR Code ASP.NET Size, Printing QR Code VB.NET , Printing QR Code Word

Operating System & Platform Compatibility. . pdf417 2d barcode in .net C# applications; .NET UPC-A : Linear Barcode UPC A creation component (DLL) package for .Related: .NET Winforms Barcode Generating , SSRS Barcode Generator , Create Barcode VB.NET Winforms

human-readable text, orientation, resolution, check digit customizable; . navigate to http://localhost/barcode/barcode.aspx?code-to-encode =123456&symbology =4 .Related: Creating QR Code VB.NET Data, QR Code Printing Java Image, QR Code Printing Excel Image

Exercise 2-3 What are some input sequences that might cause a quicksort implementation to display worst-case behavior Try to find some that provoke your library version into running slowly Automate the process so that you can specify and perform a large number of experiments easily Exercise 2-4 Design and implement an algorithm that will sort an array of n integers as slowly as possible You have to play fair: the algorithm must make progress and ventually terminate, and the implementation must not cheat with tricks like timewasting loops What is the complexity of your algorithm as a function of n . ECC200 In Visual C#.NET Using Barcode encoder for .Related: Creating Codabar .NET , ITF-14 Creating .NET , .NET Interleaved 2 of 5 Generator

A Code 39 Extension, as the name suggests, can encode not only ppercase letters, numeric digits, but also lowercase letters. Hers is the demo code for Code 39 Extension data encoding with alphanumeric data text. Bean.BarCode code39.Symbology = KeepAutomation.Barcode.Symbology. . Code 39 Optional Check Digit Encoding. .Related: Printing QR Code .NET WinForms , Creating QR Code Word Data, Creating QR Code Java Data

Matrix : Professional 2D Barcode gs1 datamatrix barcode geneating DLL used world . ASP.NET Interleaved 2 of 5 : 1D barcode ANSI/AIM . Operating System Compatibility. .Related: .NET Winforms Barcode Generator Library, Creating Barcode Excel how to, Make Barcode RDLC C#

position to another, it would be wasteful to redraw all the pixels on the screen Instead, Silverlight marks the old position as needing a redraw and marks the new position as also needing a redraw To simplify this marking algorithm, Silverlight uses he bounding box of a shape instead of the tight shape bounds For example, suppose the shape shown in the following XAML moves from position 0,0 to position 100,100 Figure 345 shows the area that is redrawn. In Visual Basic .NET Using Barcode printer for . Figure 345: Incremental redraw regions. Make EAN 128 .Related: EAN-8 Generator .NET , UPC-E Generation .NET , .NET ISBN Generation

Other Products: Printing Checks using the Check Design Application; . in OpenOffice Calc; Create a Barcode in Oracle . Encode Data using the Online Encoder; Using the .Related: UPC-E Generation Excel , EAN-13 Generating Java , Excel Code 128 Generation

Compatibility. . UPC-A .NET : Reliable .NET 1d barcode upc barcodes generating DLL; Code 39 VB.NET : Linear 1d barcode 39 barcode component in vb; .Related: Barcode Printing RDLC , Generate Barcode C# , .NET Barcode Generation how to

Vector and Bitmap Graphics. UCC - 12 Printer In Visual Studio .NET Using Barcode encoder for VS .NET Control to generate, create UPC Symbol image in .NET .Related: Intelligent Mail Generating .NET

Other Products: Printing Checks using the Check Design Application; . in OpenOffice Calc; Create a Barcode in Oracle . Encode Data using the Online Encoder; Using the .Related: Print ITF-14 .NET , UPC-E Generation Word , UPC-E Generation .NET WinForms

uwp barcode scanner c#

pointofservice How to distinguish between multiple input devices in C
pointofservice How to distinguish between multiple input devices in C# . uwp barcode scanner (6). What I did in a similar ... I have a barcode scanner (which acts like a keyboard) and of course I have a keyboard too hooked up to a computer.

asp.net core barcode scanner, .net core qr code reader, uwp barcode generator, barcode scanner in .net core

   Copyright 2019. Provides ASP.NET Document Viewer, ASP.NET MVC Document Viewer, ASP.NET PDF Editor, ASP.NET Word Viewer, ASP.NET Tiff Viewer.